This paper is concerned a “The Wigner distribution (WD)” analysis of the Heart cardiac (or phonocardiogram signals: PCG). The Wigner distribution (WD) and the corresponding WVD (Wigner Ville Distribution) have shown good performances in the analysis of non-stationary and quantitative measurements of the time-frequency PCG signal characteristics. It is shown that these transforms provides enough features of the PCG signals that will help clinics to obtain diagnosis.

Background: This study was designed to evaluate the patterns of coronary artery disease in patients with Psoriasis presenting with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Methods: This was a prospective, observational study, conducted on 28 patients with Psoriasis, presenting with acute coronary syndrome undergoing coronary angiogram from September 2017 to March 2021. All patients had undergone coronary angiogram; severity and morphology of coronary lesion were analyzed. Echocardiography was used to analyze LV wall motion and LV function. Results: The study showed that of 28 patients with Psoriasis who presented with ACS, 45.8% of patients were presented with NSTEMI, 39.2% % STEMI, and Unstable angina 15%. The average time of presentation after the onset of the symptom was 14.8 hours. 66 % of patients were a smoker. Coronary involvement 50% had TVD, 40% DVD, and 10% had SVD. In 77.6% culprit vessel was LAD, 10.4% LCX, and 12% RCA. In 75% of patients coronary lesion was located in the proximal LAD. Chronic total occlusion was found in almost 26% of patients. Extensive LV wall motion abnormality with severe LV systolic dysfunction was noted in Psoriasis patients at the time of presentation (mean LVEF=28%). Conclusions: Psoriasis patients presenting with ACS, associated with increased severity of coronary lesions, multivessel involvement, and depressed LV systolic function.

Although there is definitive evidence for pressure gradient relief both immediately after and at follow-up after balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty (BPV) for pulmonary stenosis (PS), the progression of pulmonary insufficiency (PI) at late follow up emerged as a concern. To address the concern for development of PI during late follow-up, balloon/annuls ratio used for BPV was reduced to 1.2 to 1.25. Recurrence of stenosis was seen in nearly 10% of patients. The causes of recurrence were identified to be balloon/annulus ratio less than 1.2 and immediate post-BPV gradients in excess of 30 mmHg. Recurrent obstructions can be effectively relieved by repeat BPV. The BPV procedure is safe and effective in fetal, neonatal and adult subjects as well. The BPV is also effective in palliating cyanotic congenital heart disease patients with valvar PS. Despite the limitations, BPV is currently considered as therapeutic procedure of choice in the management of congenital PS in both the pediatric and adult populations. BPV provides an excellent alternative to surgical intervention and has become the preferred intervention for initial treatment for PS in neonates, infants, children, adolescents, and adults. Careful follow-up to detect development of significant PI and investigate methods to prevent PI are recommended.

Introduction: The World Health Organization (WHO) defines as congenital malformation, all anomalies triggered by the alteration of normal development resulting in a deficient formation from the initial stage of the fetus still in intrauterine, whose origin occurs before birth, having causes genetic, environmental or unknown, whether structural or functional, these disorders can be seen in prenatal care, childbirth, or even manifested in childhood. Background: To map and analyze epidemiological data on congenital malformations in children at a Teaching Hospital in the interior of the State of São Paulo. Materials and Methods: Data were collected from children with congenital malformations between the years 2010 and 2017, searched through the International Disease Code (ICD 10) with codes from Q00 to Q89. During the analysis of the medical records, 30,309 male and female children with congenital malformations were identified, aged between 1 day and 12 years. Results: 30,309 male and female children with congenital malformations were identified (16,956 male or 54.75% and 13,713 female or 45.25%) aged between 1 day and 12 years (19,587 from 0 to 4 years or 64.63 %; 5,780 from 5 to 8 years or 19.07% and 4,942 from 9 to 12 years or 16.30%). The main types of congenital malformations were found: cardiac and circulatory or 42.32%; spinal cord or 12.34%; congenital clubfoot or 11.07%; male and female genitals and urinary tracts or 8.97% which add up to 74.70%. Conclusion: Congenital malformations are rare anomalies and this study concluded that they are mostly associated with male gender, early age and with a predominance of cardiac and circulatory alterations.

This article will be based on the commandments of Hippocrates (460 bce – 370 bce), father of medicine, who said that we must study the oldest medicines before the current medicine practiced today.